This brief assesses the work capacity in South Korea and U.S. and draws policy implications. We find two facts: One is that there exists substantial amount of additional work capacity overall and the other is that there is a considerable heterogeneity in work capacity related with differences in educational background. … Read more
The world is in the midst of demographic change, with varying degrees, towards population aging. Though mixed trends were demonstrated in the G20 community, it is projected that most G20 economies would experience a significant degree of population aging. The impact of population aging is enormous and multifaceted i.e., deteriorating … Read more
One of the challenges that population aging poses is to ensure that people have an adequate level of saving for old age. While individuals are increasingly being asked to take more responsibility for their old-age saving, the evidence suggests that low levels of financial literacy are prevalent across the world … Read more
Population ageing poses unique challenges for social security systems. Developed countries, with well-established structures, will face increasing age-related spending. They will require further reforms that balance spending cuts against core promises across generations. Most emerging economies, on the other hand, lack comprehensive social security yet are ageing rapidly. They must … Read more
Natural disasters are increasing year by year and the loses caused by natural disasters amounted to 306 billion dollars in 2017 alone according to Swiss Re. Therefore, we must consider how to ensure the resiliency of society from humans to infrastructure. The theory of Preventive Diplomacy can be applied to … Read more
Digital transformations are rapidly altering the nature of work, models of employment, contracts, regulations and protections. Increasingly, the responsibilities of the state are becoming the obligations of, and a business case for, the private sector. This devolution of ‘governance responsibility’ is happening at a rapid pace. In many locations, this … Read more
High-order cognitive skills, such as creativity and critical thinking, will face burgeoning demand as a result of digitalization and technological innovations. To build the workforce of the future and diminish future inequalities within and among countries, educational systems must close the education-workforce divide. In other words, they must integrate unforeseeable … Read more
The roles of civil society organizations (CSOs) have become more complex, especially in the context of changing relationships with nation states and the international community. In some instances, state-civil society relations have worsened, leading some experts and activists to speak of a “shrinking space” for civil society. How wide-spread is … Read more
Despite the general progress made in terms of financial inclusion worldwide (there has been a nominal increase in the number of adults who have access to a bank account), the gender gap remains unaltered since 2011. In order to overcome the barriers faced by women to access and use financial … Read more
It is widely assumed that the increasing disfunctions of democratic regimes could be fixed internally, i.e. within the realm of government. Today we know that this is an illusion. Democratic governance can only be maintained and advanced within the wider realm of coming to grips with adjacent and often competing … Read more
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