Challenge Proposal Japan’s 2019 Osaka Summit will address the emerging issue of ageing populations and the impact on society. Japan itself has an increasingly elderly population, with more than 20% of its people aged 70 or older. Its labour force has dropped by 4.5 million people since 2012. … Read more
This policy brief outlines and suggests solutions to deal with the dangers of political disillusionment, populism and ill-managed migration policies and uphold social cohesion across the G20. The emphasis is placed largely on Japan, and a cross-cutting theme throughout the brief is the importance of an inclusive and diverse policymaking … Read more
The relationship between many G20 governments and civil society organizations (CSOs) has become more complex and often contested. This policy brief first focuses on three key problems indicative of this strained relationship: the shrinking domestic and international space for civil society activities; the widespread policy neglect of civil society; and … Read more
In a number of G20 countries, the combination of increasing economic inequality and decreasing social mobility is leading to a situation of social arrest, a paralysis fed by deep structural blockages in society. Social arrest is the result of a decades-long neglect in addressing the consequences of a globalization process … Read more
Unhappy with the way their political systems are functioning, angry at the elites who have failed to address a mounting set of challenges, and frustrated with elected representatives they feel ignored by, citizens in many nations around the world have challenged to political status quo, catapulting – for better or … Read more
Are aging societies facing lower levels of economic growth and weakening prosperity as a result of a shrinking labor force, lower labor productivity and growing numbers of pensioners? Stepping up domestic investment can help increase labor market participation, labor productivity and total factor productivity, thereby counteracting a demographically induced decline … Read more
Will population aging lead to economic crisis with tepid economic growth, generational inequality, unsustainable public finances, and overlyburdened families? Answering these questions definitively requires data and analysis that has not been available in many countries. The evidence that is available, however, indicates that countries with moderate population aging can pursue … Read more
By 2100, almost all the G20 countries are expected to have at least a quarter of their population be age 65 and older. Issues will arise with changing national demographics. These include a potential reduction in productivity and income, and a rise in the national healthcare costs associated with aged … Read more
Population aging is accelerating worldwide and has significant socioeconomic implications, including a decline in the size of the labour force, an increase in the age-dependency ratio and a redistribution of income and wealth. Hence, the redesign of pension systems has become a priority. Taxation is crucial to influence behaviour and … Read more
This brief assesses the work capacity in South Korea and U.S. and draws policy implications. We find two facts: One is that there exists substantial amount of additional work capacity overall and the other is that there is a considerable heterogeneity in work capacity related with differences in educational background. … Read more
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